Efficient wall modules - durable and erected in a flash
Because of the unsolvable environmental problems in cement production and the mining of building sand, completely new approaches could and should have been taken in the building sector long ago.
My approach - sustainable building components in modular construction for every climate situation
How can these modules be produced by prefabricated house manufacturers
as well as by laymen?
In this concept, stackable sandwich wall modules form a mobile variant that can be used several times. The example corresponds to the Viennese building code for
allotment apartment buildings - here with 35 m² of superstructure area and 5 m in height. They can be produced within a few days and are plugged together around the 5x7 m floor slab (and its 6x14
cm staggered substructure) using the tongue-and-groove rapid system and thus raised together with the upper storey. Ready to build - with windows, doors and internal stairs - the material costs
(with Oct. 2022) are approx. 16,000 euros.
Each of the components/elements weighs about 20 kg. As tongue-and-groove elements, the 60 + 32 half modules here can be handled by 2 people without the use of a
construction crane or scaffolding. The modules can be manufactured* on site or supplied prefabricated. They are excellently installed horizontally, i.e. with the broadside at the
bottom.
Styrofoam insulation is placed between two OSB-chipboards, offset by about 10 cm in a diagonal direction, resulting in two tongue-and-groove module edges. The OSB's
are previously given adhesive spread at points in order to bond with the polystyrene insulation (EPS). The OSBs are fixed at the edges with 80 mm nails driven in at an angle. The coarse
chipboards, which are 12 mm thick here, can usually remain in their standard size of 2050x625 cm (optionally 250x125 cm).
After the glue has dried, the N/F components made in this way can be pulled up to form external walls as interlocking connections, whereby the modules are to be
stacked at the corners of the house in staggered interlocking.
The vertical, inner corner joints are fixed with 40x40x1 mm angle profiles with rows of holes and their nails* countersunk 14 cm to the right and left. In the same
way, the ground floor, the intermediate ceiling and the flat roof are permanently fixed inside the four outer walls. For nailing the 140s, the rough chipboards are prepared with 3 mm holes for
the 5 mm Ø wire nails.
The 14 cm nails, which are not 100% countersunk, allow the elements to be numbered and dismantled so that the building can be moved to a new location.
Cables and other installations can be discreetly laid behind ceiling, corner and plinth recesses on the room side.
The OSB walls are sealed on the inside with diffusion-proof varnish.
Finally, the finished building corpus is covered with reed matting, which is attached vertically to vertical and horizontal counter battens.
vertically on vertical and horizontal counter battens. The mats are spray-impregnated on both sides with water glass (against weathering and
flammability).
Evergreen ivy cuttings can then grow up around the base - creating a shady and ventilated green façade in a short time. The façade, plus OSB and polystyrene, provide
good insulation against short-wave heat radiation in summer. For winter long-wave heat radiation insulation, the 22 cm EPS would be sufficient even without foils and green curtains - because the
Styrofoam insulates differently well to the two wavelengths.
In addition, this type of load-bearing sandwich construction is fire-resistant, earthquake-flexible and, thanks to 75 cm long storm anchors at its four corners, also
storm-proof - and - it never gets damp.
The east and west fronts are assigned the longer seven metres, while only five façade metres point in the N/S direction.
A 12 m² vacuum tube collector leans against the south wall. A pumpless 700 l buffer stratified tank above it heats a copper pipe (even on gloomy winter days) - laid
as a skirting board. The storage tank also supplies the washing machine and dishwasher with hot water.
On the monopitch roof there are approx. 25 m² of PV panels for the house's electricity and for backup operation with a heat pump split air-conditioning heating
system - such as the one from the test winner Dimstal at 840.-€. The rainwater from the roof ends up in 2x200 l barrels and is used to irrigate the kitchen garden.
Automatic room ventilation with heat recovery: A 5 m long, 80 mm Ø aluminium flexible hose, hidden in a ceiling cavity, is connected - behind its 110 mm wall
diffuser - to an interval-switched fan. Pieces of hard zig-zag cardboard inserted in the hose ensure good turbulence of the used warm air and thus good temperature transfer to the fresh air
flowing inwards in the throat channel. The air is - from the branch of the 80mm inlet - vertically led down another 2 m as a corner throat. The negative pressure created in the room by the 80 mm
exhaust fan leads to a self-flowing, healthy supply of fresh air at the open end of the corner throat. The reveal of the throat - made of coated elephant paper - also releases heat to the supply
air passing behind it. For the benefit of this "forced ventilation", the triple glass window elements integrated in the wall modules remain closed.
The three horizontal windows (2x0.8 m) and the patio door (1.6x1.5 m) provide the 2x30 m² interior with sufficient daylight.
A wooden staircase leads up to the sleeping area on the upper floor - with a clothes depot and a 7 m² conservatory. Furthermore, landscape photo wallpapers could
give the rooms a visually pleasant and calm depth effect.
For a reconstruction into individual modules, these can be separated from each other without further ado - and reconnected for repeated erections at a different
location ***. // At the moment I am still looking for a leased building plot to realise my concept!
* Tool requirements: e-screwdriver, jigsaw, e-nailer, e-Styrofoam cutting table etc. - their use emits only a small amount of noise and
dust.
** Rock wool, natural fibre clamping felt or cellulose flakes could also suffice against negatively acting thermal convection, but only Styrofoam -
laid without joints - is free of moisture at the dew point. Also, only EPS offers the statically favourable load-bearing capacity of a slim, load-bearing modular wall.
*** A durability/habitability of up to one hundred years can certainly be expected. Afterwards, all the components of such modular buildings are
ready for reuse.
Whether as a school, shop, warehouse, outpatient clinic, workshop or for the production of living space - this universal construction method can be used in
any size and statically also in several storeys.
More can also be seen in the older 3-D video at www.vimeo.com/293395008.
Source IPCC / Cement production emits more CO² than air traffic and shipping combined.
Therefore, it is urgent to reduce CO2-polluting cement production and the ecological consequences of building sand overexploitation. After all, the food chain of marine life begins with micro-diversity, which is mainly based on sandy seabeds!
© by Thalhammer Michael - Vienna on 21.07.2022 - www.earthsolar.at
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This construction method is also well suited for migration need and for
reconstruction after war damage.
Sketch of a storey-bearing wall construction
The consequences of war, flight and displacement are increasing worldwide. Many cities are uninhabitable and legions of people have no or only poor living space.
The common containers and tents are not suitable - for human - habitation, neither in the heat nor in the cold.
They are also bulky and difficult to transport.
The approach is written for a potentially emerging support community that aims to > help people in crisis from different walks of life. people in crisis, from different walks of life, refuge and encounter <.
Whether as a school, hospital, office, shop or flat - the construction method described above can also be used as a space-saving solution when stacked up 1 time. With silicone grouting, these modules can be erected by 3 - 4 people for any use of space (see building instructions as above). In hot countries, the southern and roof modules, under the outer OSB's, would have to be covered with aluminium foil.
Especially for this purpose, stackable wall modules are a mobile and often usable variant.
The drawing shows only one of many possible examples. Here as a multi-purpose building with variable room division. This approach requires only simple hand tools for its construction - as well as for its dismantling for new use.
The accommodation is a foundation-free 120 m² mansard roof, with a central common room. The private living rooms are arranged on both sides.
The total interior space in this example covers ~120 m². 63 m² are added as floor areas - divided among the 18 units. The central day room measures 60 m².
Two of the rooms are reserved as office (or nightly on-call room) and vis-à-vis as storage - this would result in 18 equally sized units.
Each of these 17 private rooms has 4 m² of living space measuring 3 m x 1.23 m and 2.5 m room height and a small window to the day room. Above this there is another attic room of 3.5 m², which is accessible via a folding and closing attic staircase (= total 7.5 m²).
Each of the sliding doors to the living area can be locked by its occupant. Apart from the bed equipment, it also has a wardrobe, table, folding chair, 1 mini-eco-heater, 4 LED lamps and a digital radio with headphones - as well as a hook-in side bed for children who may have moved in, and adjustable ventilation.
Residents can keep their sleeping hours around the clock; however, there is a general nighttime rest from 11 pm to 7 am. The property is then secured with, among other things, an all-round night vision recording system. The two WCs located in the canopy, the washbasin and the shower, have their 12V LED lighting switched by motion sensor.
The shower water is regulated to be drawn off every three minutes, so that there is enough hot water for everyone. There is also a washing machine and fridges for residents to use.
In cold weather, the 10 by 6 metre middle room of the NurDach also provides a place for parents and their children to play and cuddle. Screens form a partition to the rest of the space, which all residents can use for their various activities.
The kitchen, the dining area and the sanitary facilities would be located outside, under a 120 m² large flying roof built in front.
The wooden support frame of the canopy in front to the south is covered with silvery vapourised greenhouse foils and reed mats underneath.
The reed mats hanging down from the edge are rolled up in strong winds. These mats are protected against fire and weathering with Everwood-water-glass coating. This privacy screen is given a pleasing décor by means of emulsion paints.
Under this flying roof is also a children's play tower enclosed by evergreens with 2 swings, sandpit and slide.
The house and the food tent would also be surrounded by such a construction fence, raised beds and berry bushes. The entrance would have an acoustically-messaging access to the passages.
Centrally located in the vestibule are two 1000 litre hot water tanks - they connect to the two solar thermal collectors on the south roof. This space is also used by a PV module to supply the 12V consumers with electricity.
The company Flisom.ch offers these lightweight, rollable films.
The most essential, applicable house rules would be: # ... to respect each other. # ... as a small family
to be there for each other and stick together. # ... to help shape the daily structure and
group activities as much as possible.
Smoking and drinking in the house are not permitted! The deliberately somewhat streamlined support programme does not include inappropriate casual contact with the clients, nor does it include imparting personal views! However, a human togetherness and cooperation at eye level should promote the good and wholesome in a non-denominational way.
In this example, the central 60 m² of the NurDach serve, for example, as a work and recreation room. Small products can be made there in cooperation or various services can be offered.
For "leisure time", badminton, table tennis and a bookshelf as well as sewing, pottery, language courses, making music, painting, dance, gymnastics, etc. are planned. The carers offer - according to their talents with their own focus - a colourful daily structure in an ever-changing schedule. Whether it is an excursion, singing, meditation or a basic PC course - there are always encounters and also useful things in the programme. In a playful way, all the fears and constraints are gradually transformed into the healing creative power of hidden talents.
Solar thermal energy, for example, is a very important component here, along with other points. According to the conviction of solar house pioneer Josef Jenni, "solar thermal energy is the gentlest, most environmentally friendly and most efficient technology. Heat is generated as heat, stored as heat and consumed as heat. Solar thermal energy must be used close to where the heat is needed, for example on the roof of buildings. It is relatively easy to store the heat locally. The use of solar thermal energy can indirectly save a great deal of electricity. The energy transition is therefore above all also a "heat transition" (see www.sonnenhaus-institut.de).
Land-use planning must counteract further urban sprawl - in order to meet the 1.5° climate target! Therefore, according to my proposal, it should not be allowed to build below 150 m² and not below three storeys. For this purpose, the ground floor of this type of construction would of course have a correspondingly stronger wall design.
Sustainable, self-sufficient energy supply must also become the mandatory building standard. Energetic possibilities would also be installed vertical wind power devices (Bladeless-Vortex), PV solar foils - instead of heavy silicon PV panels and a heat pump heating system. Likewise, it would be right to demand that the "global players" of the retail sector, which have been converted into building land and account for a relatively large part of the soil sealing and which, under a handful of brand names or corporate names, have only built on the ground level but on a large scale at the edges of countless villages, be subject to restrictions. With 1 - 3 storeys and a vertical roof garden, they should also create generally useful living and utility space. Also, asphalted parking spaces, in exchange for functional paving, should have to allow rainwater absorb.
The project would cost a total nearly of 50.000.- Euros per unit.
Most of the goods would come from DIY stores, for example, which would then also be listed as the main donors.
Together with the fence and hedge, about 350 m² of ground is required
Through the daily coming together in common work and free time, there would also be
healing, interdenominational and non-political human conversations.
non-political-human conversations. May tens of millions of these buildings
- made from sustainable trees - grows worldwide.
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If your company finds the concept worthy of support
and you would like to support it with donations in kind or money
= The UNHCR, for example, would certainly be pleased =
your company logo, with other sponsors,
in our future web presence.
More about the -OnlyRoof- can be seen in the original video at www.vimeo.com/293395008.
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If this has piqued your interest - please - contact me at the
e-mail michael@earthsolar.at or by phone +4319195724.
These approaches could probably also be adopted by UNHCR, FAO and
UNIDO for further implementation
On the way to the light leave no one behind! (Peter Rosegger)
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Copyright 2020: thalhammer michael -Vienna on 21.07.2020 - www.earthsolar.at
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